Warburg Elements

Three Warburg kinds model diffusion in EIS. They share one outline geometry family: vertical bar at x=22, diffusion diagonal (1.15× stroke), 2.0 px leads — see Symbol Design System.

Warburg (infinite) — W

Semi-infinite linear diffusion; 45° Nyquist line. Diagonal only (no end cap).

Randles + Warburg infinite

• Param: σ — Warburg coefficient (Ω·s⁻½)
• DSL: R0-p(R1,C1)-W2 or W2{120}

editor.setValue('R0-p(R1,C1)-W2')

Warburg (short) — Ws

Finite layer, transmissive boundary. Same diagonal as W plus a closing vertical bar at the diffusion end (label s).

Randles + Warburg short (Ws)

• Params: Y₀, B
• DSL: R0-p(R1,C1)-Ws2{1e-3,10}

Warburg (open) — Wo

Finite layer, reflecting boundary. Same diagonal with open end bars (label o). Common on coated electrodes.

Randles + Warburg open (Wo)

editor.setValue('R0-p(R1,C1)-Wo2')

When to use each

Type	Use case	Nyquist shape
W	Semi-infinite diffusion	45° line
Ws	Finite layer, transmissive	Curved arc
Wo	Finite layer, reflecting	Vertical spike

Full Randles–Warburg

editor.setValue('R0-p(R1,C1)-Wo2')
editor.setValue('R0-p(R1,Q1)-Wo2')  // CPE instead of C

See also Randles circuit and CPE and complex elements for rendered diagrams.

API

• Render API — renderDslPreviewSvg
• Element Types

Next

• Gerischer element
• Nested circuits